Influence of music on the behavior of children during dental care / Influência da música no comportamento de crianças frente ao atendimento odontológico

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the role of music as a distraction technique to minimize anxiety during dental care in children aged 7 to 9 years when submitted to local anesthetic procedure. Method: This study was carried out in the Dentistry Module of the State University of Southwestern Bahia, located in the city of Jequié, Bahia, Brazil. It was performed through the application of the Facial Image Scale, measurement of heart rate and blood pressure with the aid of the digital sphygmomanometer at two different times during pediatric dentistry care with and without the influence of classical music. Data were tabulated in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences software, version 21.0, expressed as medians and interquartile range. For inferential statistics, the Shapiro-Wilk normality test was used and the analysis of the effect of music was calculated using the paired T-tests and Wilcoxon, considering a significance level of 95%. Results: The sample consisted of 7 children, mostly male, with a median of 8 years of age. Regarding the psychophysiological variables, no significant variations were observed compared to before and after in the groups with music and without music. Conclusion: In this study, no differences were found regarding the reduction of anxiety in the group in which music was used. Additional studies with a representative sample are needed.

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar o papel da música como técnica de distração para minimizar a ansiedade durante o atendimento odontológico em crianças de 7 a 9 anos de idade quando submetidas a procedimento anestésico local. Métodos: Este estudo foi realizado no Módulo de Odontologia da Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, situado na cidade de Jequié - BA. Foi realizado a partir da aplicação da Facial Image Scale, mensuração da frequência cardíaca e pressão arterial com auxílio do esfigmomanômetro digital em dois momentos distintos ao longo do atendimento em odontopediatria com e sem a influência da música clássica. Os dados foram tabulados no software Statistical Package for Social Sciences, versão 21.0, expressos como medianas e intervalo interquartílico. Para a estatística inferencial, utilizou-se o teste de normalidade Shapiro-Wilk e a análise do efeito da música foi calculada utilizando os testes T-pareado e o Wilcoxon, considerando nível de significância de 95%. Resultados: A amostra foi constituída por 7 crianças, pertencendo sua maioria ao sexo masculino, com uma mediana de 8 anos de idade. Em relação às variáveis psicofisiológicas, não foram observadas variações significativas em comparação ao antes e depois nos grupos com música e sem música. Conclusões: Neste estudo não foram encontradas diferenças no que diz respeito à redução da ansiedade no grupo em que a música foi utilizada, havendo necessidade de estudos adicionais, com amostra representativa.

Prevalence of Bruxism in Brazilian Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: The prevalence of bruxism in children varies considerably. The purpose of this study was to synthesize evidence of the prevalence of bruxism in Brazilian children and consider how proportions differ between genders, assessment approaches, and geographical regions. Methods: A search was conducted using five databases and in gray literature. Two independent investigators selected the studies and extracted data. The risk of bias was assessed via the Joanna Briggs Institute tool for studies on prevalence. The certainty of the evidence was evaluated using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). Results: Twenty-two cross-sectional studies were included after a two-step selection. Overall, 13,076 children from all regions of the country were assessed. The risk of bias ranged from high to low. Data were pooled in a random-effect model and resulted in an overall prevalence of sleep and awake bruxism of 25.8 percent (95 percent confidence interval [95% CI] equals 22.2 to 29.4; I2 equals 96 percent; prediction interval equals 0.07 to 0.44) and 20.1 percent (95% CI equals 18.0 to 22.3; I2 equals 30 percent; prediction interval equals 0.18 to 0.22), respectively. Subgroup and sensibility analysis showed distribution similarity between genders (P=0.96), assessment approaches (P=0.88), and geographical regions (P=0.44). Conclusions: "Possible" and "probable" sleep bruxism affects one in four Brazilian children, and there is evidence with a low level of certainty that its prevalence does not vary between genders, assessment approaches, or geographical regions. The distribution of bruxism is still an unknown subject and presumably occurs because of individual rather than regional or collective factors.

Prevalência e previsibilidade de caninos impactados em pacientes à procura de tratamento dentário no sudoeste da Bahia, Brasil / Prevalence and predictability of impacted maxillary canines in dental in patients seeking dental treatment in southwest Bahia, Brazil

Resumo Objetivo: identificar a prevalência e determinar a previsibilidade de impactação de caninos superiores permanentes com base em uma amostra de radiografias panorâmicas na região Sudoeste da Bahia, Brasil. Métodos: realizou-se um estudo epidemiológico transversal retrospectivo, em que foram analisadas 5.611 radiografias panorâmicas. No primeiro estudo, houve análise de 4.987 radiografias de pacientes com idades entre 15 a 54 anos, em fase de dentadura permanente, para identificar a prevalência de caninos impactados. O segundo estudo contou com 624 indivíduos em fase de dentadura mista, entre 8 e 14 anos, em que método empregado foi a localização de caninos impactados a partir da determinação da previsibilidade. Foram realizados cálculo amostral e análise estatística descritiva, através do teste qui-quadrado. Resultados: foram encontrados 53 casos de caninos impactados com rizogênese completa dentro do estudo de prevalência, assim como uma média de idade de 27,4 anos entre o sexo feminino (60,3%) e o masculino (39,7%). Foram encontrados 46 casos de uma possível impactação em indivíduos com idade média de 11,7 anos, sendo 54,3% do sexo masculino e 45,7% do feminino. Após o teste qui-quadrado pôde-se perceber relevância estatística entre a faixa de idade de 11 e 12 anos com a previsibilidade da anomalia, em contrapartida, não se percebeu a mesma relação com o aumento da idade do indivíduo. Conclusão: com base nos resultados, foi possível determinar a prevalência de caninos impactados em 1,06% e a taxa de previsibilidade foi de 6,05%. (AU)

Abstract Objective: to identify the prevalence and to determine the predictability of permanent superior canine impaction based on a panoramic radiographic sample in the Southwestern region of Bahia, Brazil. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional epidemiological study which analyzed 5,611 panoramic radiographs was performed. In the first study, 4,987 radiographs of patients whose ages were between 15 to 54 years old in permanent dentition phase were analyzed to identify the prevalence of impacted canines. The second study included 624 individuals in the mixed dentition phase, between 8 and 14 years old, in which the method used was impacted canines localization based on predictability determination. The sample calculation and descriptive statistical analysis have been performed using the chi-square test. Results: we have found 53 cases of canines impacted with complete rhizogenesis within the prevalence study, as well as a mean age of 27.4 years between female (60.3%) and male (39.7%). We have found 46 cases of a possible impaction in individuals with a mean age of 11.7 years, 54.3% of males and 45.7% of females. After the chi-square test, it was possible to perceive statistical significance between the age group between 11 and 12 years with predictability of the anomaly, in contrast, the same relationship with the increase of the individuals age has not been perceived. Conclusion: based on the results, it was possible to determine the prevalence of impacted canines in 1.06% and the rate of predictability was 6.05%.(AU)

Prevalence of cleft lip and palate and associated factors in Brazil's Midwest: a single-center study.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) and associated factors in patients treated at a referral service in Brazil's Midwest. Data were obtained from medical records on file between 2010 and 2017 for this epidemiologic and associational study. A descriptive analysis of the sociodemographic and clinical data was carried out, after which the data were analyzed using the chi-square test and Poisson regression with robust variance. A total of 1,696 medical records were eligible. The requests for rehabilitation were mainly for children in the early years of life, and were mostly for patients from low-income families in the state of Goiás. CL/P was more prevalent in its most severe morphological representation (cleft lip and palate), and the most frequently affected side was the left. Syndromic cleft was present in 4.1% of the cases, and the Pierre Robin sequence and Apert syndrome appeared more frequently. Adjusted multivariate Poisson regression showed an association between cleft palate and the presence of syndromes, since the prevalence was 2.33 times higher in this case than that of no syndrome. Cleft lip and palate were associated with males, whereas cleft palate was associated with females. This study highlights the importance of collecting and analyzing epidemiological data, managing health service planning, and allocating funds to assist cleft patients.

Prevalence of cleft lip and palate and associated factors in Brazil's Midwest: a single-center study

Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) and associated factors in patients treated at a referral service in Brazil's Midwest. Data were obtained from medical records on file between 2010 and 2017 for this epidemiologic and associational study. A descriptive analysis of the sociodemographic and clinical data was carried out, after which the data were analyzed using the chi-square test and Poisson regression with robust variance. A total of 1,696 medical records were eligible. The requests for rehabilitation were mainly for children in the early years of life, and were mostly for patients from low-income families in the state of Goiás. CL/P was more prevalent in its most severe morphological representation (cleft lip and palate), and the most frequently affected side was the left. Syndromic cleft was present in 4.1% of the cases, and the Pierre Robin sequence and Apert syndrome appeared more frequently. Adjusted multivariate Poisson regression showed an association between cleft palate and the presence of syndromes, since the prevalence was 2.33 times higher in this case than that of no syndrome. Cleft lip and palate were associated with males, whereas cleft palate was associated with females. This study highlights the importance of collecting and analyzing epidemiological data, managing health service planning, and allocating funds to assist cleft patients.

Avaliação da qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal entre adolescentes do sudoeste baiano / Evaluation of oral health-related quality of life in adolescents in Southeast of Bahia, Brazil / Evaluación de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud bucal de adolescentes en el suroeste de Bahia

Qualidade vida é um conceito amplo, referente à percepção subjetiva das funções físicas, psicológicas e sociais. A avaliação da qualidade de vida de adolescentes é importante para subsidiar as políticas públicas de promoção e atenção à saúde desse grupo. Nesse contexto, este artigo tem o objetivo de avaliar a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal de adolescentes de 11 a 15 anos de idade. Trata-se de um estudo do tipo Survey, com amostra aleatória de 224 adolescentes de três colégios públicos de uma cidade do Sudoeste baiano. Para a avaliação da qualidade de vida e aspectos da saúde bucal, foi aplicado o questionário CPQ 11-14. A escala de Likert de cinco pontos foi usada para quantificar as opções pelos escores. Foi feita a divisão da pontuação do CPQ por percentis para elaborar a proposta de interpretação do escore do questionário, utilizando os percentis 25% (baixo impacto), 50% (médio impacto) e 75% (elevado impacto). A mediana da idade foi de 12 anos, sendo 54,46% da amostra correspondente ao sexo feminino (122). Na comparação da média do CPQ entre as escolas de acordo com o sexo, observou-se que o feminino obteve as maiores pontuações. Na correlação entre o CPQ e faixa de idade, constatou-se que a maior mediana está concentrada na faixa etária de 11 anos. A presença de problemas orais teve domínio mais elevado. Conclui-se, a partir dos resultados, que a saúde bucal interferiu na qualidade vida dos adolescentes avaliados, sendo que a maior parte deles obteve um impacto considerado moderado.

Quality of life is a broad concept regarding the perception of physical, psychological and social functions. An assessment of the quality of life of adolescents is important to support public policies for the promotion and health care of this group. This article aims at evaluating the quality of useful life in oral health in adolescents aged 11 to 15 years. This is a research-type study with a random sample of 224 adolescents from three public schools in a city in the southwest of Bahia, Brazil. To assess quality of life and aspects of oral health, a CPQ 11-14 questionnaire was applied. A 5-point Likert scale was used to quantify options by scores. The CPQ score was divided by percentage to make a proposal to interpret the questionnaire, using the percentiles 25% (low impact), 50% (medium impact) and 75% (high impact). The median age was 12 years old, with 54.46% being female (122). When comparing the average CPQ between schools according to sex, women suffer the lowest number of scores. In the correlation between CPQ and constant age range, which is the highest median concentrated in the age group of 11 years. The presence of oral problems using higher domain. Oral health affected the quality of life of the affected adolescents, with most adolescents affected by an impact considered to be moderate.

La calidad de vida es un concepto amplio con respecto a la percepción de las funciones físicas, psicológicas y sociales. Una evaluación de la calidad de vida de los adolescentes es importante para apoyar las políticas públicas de promoción y atención médica a este grupo. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la calidad de vida en salud bucal de adolescentes de 11 a 15 años de edad. Este es un estudio de tipo survey realizado con una muestra aleatoria de 224 adolescentes de tres escuelas públicas en una ciudad del suroeste de Bahia (Brasil). Para evaluar la calidad de vida y los aspectos de la salud oral, se aplicó el cuestionario CPQ 11-14. Se usó la escala Likert de cinco puntos para cuantificar las opciones por puntajes. El CPQ se dividió por porcentaje para hacer una propuesta de interpretación del puntaje del cuestionario utilizando los percentiles 25% (bajo impacto), 50% (mediano impacto) y 75% (alto impacto). La mediana de edad fue de 12 años, siendo el 54,46% mujeres (122). Al comparar el CPQ promedio entre las escuelas según el sexo, se observó que las mujeres obtuvieron los mayores puntajes. En la correlación entre CPQ y rango de edad, la mediana más alta estuvo concentrada en el grupo de edad de 11 años. La presencia de problemas bucales tuvo un dominio superior. Se concluye que la salud oral influyó en la calidad de vida de los adolescentes, y la mayoría de ellos se vieron afectados por un impacto considerado moderado.

Three-dimensional assessment of craniofacial asymmetry in children with transverse maxillary deficiency after rapid maxillary expansion: A prospective study.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate craniofacial asymmetry in children with transverse maxillary deficiency, with or without functional unilateral posterior crossbite (UPC), before and after rapid maxillary expansion (RME). SETTING AND SAMPLE POPULATION: A sample of 51 children with cone beam computed tomography scans obtained before RME (T1) and a year after RME (T2). MATERIAL AND METHODS: This prospective study consisted of 2 groups: 25 children with functional UPC (6.77 ± 1.5 years) and 26 children without UPC (7.41 ± 1.31 years). Linear and angular measurements were obtained from zygomatic, maxilla, glenoid fossa and mandible, using original and mirrored 3D overlapped models. All right and left side comparisons in both groups and intergroups asymmetries were compared using MANOVA and t test for independent samples, respectively, statistically significant at P < .05. RESULTS: The UPC group showed no side differences, but mandibular horizontal rotation at T1, and this asymmetry was improved in T2. The non-UPC group showed at baseline significant lateral asymmetry in orbitale, position of palatine foramen, respectively, in average 2.95 mm and 1.16 mm, and 0.49 mm of average asymmetry in condylar height. The glenoid fossa was symmetric in both groups at T1 and T2. CONCLUSIONS: Children with transverse maxillary deficiency showed slight morphological asymmetry, located in the mandible position in cases of UPC, and in the orbital and maxillary regions in cases without UPC. One year after RME, patients improved their craniofacial asymmetry, with significant changes in the mandible and correction of the mandibular rotation in patients who presented UPC.

An Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Comparison Between Adults With Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate and Class III Malocclusion.

OBJECTIVE: To compare oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) before treatment of adults with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and surgical Class III malocclusion, and to consider if clefts needing different orthodontic treatment protocols could influence people's self-perception. DESIGN: Cross sectional. SETTING: Cleft Lip and Palate Center and Clinic of Orthognathic Surgery from a School of Dentistry. PARTICIPANTS: A sample of adults with repaired nonsyndromic UCLP (n = 52) which was age- and sex-matched with a noncleft Class III malocclusion sample seeking orthognathic surgery (n = 51). In turn, the cleft group was subdivided according to treatment planning into nonsurgical orthodontic and surgical orthodontic approaches. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The whole sample was assessed using the short-form oral health impact profile (OHIP-14), with higher scores indicating a poorer OHRQoL. Statistical comparisons were performed with Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests, and effect size. Bonferroni adjustment was used for post hoc tests (P < .017). RESULTS: The OHIP-14 scores of the UCLP and Class III groups were significantly different (P = .001, η2 = 0.108), and higher in Class III. The largest commitment was in the physical disability, physical pain, and psychological disability domains. In addition, no differences were found when the UCLP treatment planning was considered. CONCLUSION: Surgical Class III malocclusion have a poorer OHRQoL when compared to patients with UCLP, irrespective of whether they are treated surgically or orthodontically. Therefore, the greater commitment of OHRQoL appears to be influenced by the etiology of Class III, and not by treatment plan.

Evaluation of Children's and Adolescents's Anxiety Previously Dental Treatment: A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective: To evaluate levels of anxiety in children and adolescents related to age and experience of visits to the dentist using the modified Venham Picture Test (VPTm). Material and Methods: This is a quantitative cross-sectional study with convenience sample. Children and adolescents of both sexes, subdivided into age groups of 6-9 years (A1 and A2) and 10-13 years (B1 and B2), in the waiting room of a Dental Clinic, were grouped according to the experience of visits to the dentist (have been to the dentist / have never been to the dentist). Descriptive statistics were mean, standard deviation and frequency of cases. The Kolmogorov- Smirnov (K-S) was used for normality analysis, with 95% significance level. Inferential statistics was performed using the Chi-Square and Mann-Whitney tests, with p<0.05. Results: In total, 60 children and 60 adolescents were evaluated, 65 (54.16%) males and 55 (45.83%) females. No differences were observed between genders in groups A1 and A2 (p = 0.30) and B1 and B2 (p = 0.94). The highest means of the VPTm scale were observed in groups A2 and B2 (2.87 ± 2.30 and 2.13 ± 1.29) and the lowest in groups A1 and B1 (1.13 ± 1.45 and 1.20 ± 1.29), respectively. Statistical differences were observed for the mean VPTm scores between age groups A1 and A2 (p = 0.004) and B1 and B2 (p = 0.018). Conclusion: The level of anxiety was inversely proportional to age, so younger children were more anxious; it was also observed that children and adolescents who had never been to the dentist tended to be more anxious.